For vehicles with a narrow car body that exposes the tire, the fender is an exposed curve over the top of the tire. Quarter panels are at the rear, with an exception made for dual rear wheel trucks, where the panel at the rear is called a fender. This resulted in one piece where there had previously been two, and name of the larger welded piece, the quarter panel, survived the consolidation. The auto industry changed from rear fenders bolted onto a quarter panel to an enlarged welded-on quarter panel that fulfilled both functions. In current US auto industry nomenclature, usually only the panels over the front wheels are called fenders. In contrast to the slab-sided cars, the Volkswagen Beetle had real bolt-on fenders over both its front and rear wheels. Fenders typically became a more integral part of overall auto bodies by the mid-1930s. In the United States, a minor car accident is often called a " fender bender".įender enclosing the front wheels on a Nash AmbassadorĮarly automobile fenders set over the wheels to prevent mud, sand and dust being thrown on to the body and the occupants. White, in his October 1940 Harper's essay "Motor Cars", refers to ".mudguards, or 'fenders' as the younger generation calls them." However, the term mudguard appears to have been in use in the U.S. In modern Indian and Sri Lankan English usage, the wing is called a mudguard. However, in modern unibody vehicles, rear fenders may also be called quarter panels.) The equivalent component of a bicycle or motorcycle, or the "cycle wing" style of wing fitted to vintage cars, or over tires on lorries which is not integral with the bodywork, is called a mudguard in Britain, as it guards other road users – and in the case of a bicycle or motorcycle, the rider as well – from mud, and spray, thrown up by the wheels. (This may refer to either the front or rear fenders. In British English, the fender is called the wing. For a vehicle moving forward, the top of the tire is rotating upward and forward, and can throw objects into the air at other vehicles or pedestrians in front of the vehicle. These materials can be ejected from the surface of the tire at high velocity as the tire imparts kinetic energy to the attached objects. Sticky materials, such as mud, may adhere to the smooth outer tire surface, while smooth loose objects, such as stones, can become temporarily embedded in the tread grooves as the tire rolls over the ground. Fenders are typically rigid and can be damaged by contact with the road surface. Its primary purpose is to prevent sand, mud, rocks, liquids, and other road spray from being thrown into the air by the rotating tire. Fender is the American English term for the part of an automobile, motorcycle or other vehicle body that frames a wheel well (the fender underside).
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